Jim and Carrie Carroll at Carroll and Carroll, P.C. represent the injured people of Pennsylvania and New York in Bradford, Sullivan, Tioga, Susquehanna, and Chemung counties in personal injury, premises liability, slip and fall, automobile accident and workers’ compensation cases Jim and Carrie Carroll at Carroll and Carroll, P.C. represent the injured people of Pennsylvania and New York in Bradford, Sullivan, Tioga, Susquehanna, and Chemung counties in personal injury, premises liability, slip and fall, automobile accident and workers’ compensation cases

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Personal Injury

    8/4/2008
    James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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    10 Worst Insurance Companies in America

    The American Association of Justice has released a report titled, "The Ten Worst Insurance Companies in America:  How they raise premiums, deny claims and refuse insurance to those who need it the most.

    Here they are in all their glory:

    1. Allstate

    2. Unum

    3. AIG

    4. State Farm

    5. Conseco

    6. WellPoint

    7. Farmers

    8. UnitedHealth

    9. Torchmark

    10. Liberty Mutual

    To identify the worst insurance companies for consumers, researchers at the American Association for Justice (AAJ) undertook a comprehensive investigation of thousands of court documents, SEC and FBI records, state insurance department investigations and complaints, news accounts from across the country, and the testimony and depositions of former insurance agents and adjusters. Our final list includes companies across a range of different insurance fields, including homeowners and auto insurers, health insurers, life insurers, and disability insurers. 

    The attorneys at C&C Law deal with most of these insurance companies on a daily basis.  Based upon my experience, I can attest to this list as being quite accurate.  These companies really should be ashamed of themselves.

    To see the whole AAJ report in .pdf format, click here to go to C&C Law's Library.


5/8/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Woman gets $1M after car's hatchback lid collapsed on her head

A jury awarded $1 million to a woman who was injured when the trunk hatch lid on her Subaru Outback collapsed on her head. Tammi Grumski, then 37, was pulling a bag of groceries from the rear of her car when the hatch lid fell, resulting in a head injury and cognitive deficits. She claimed that Suburban Buick Subaru in Pittsburgh negligently repaired the lid a week before the accident. Defense counsel conceded liability, but disputed the extent of her injuries. Grumski now has to wear prism glasses because of a vision impairment that made it difficult for her left eye to transition from focusing on objects at different distances. She claimed that she'll have to retire from her nursing job as she gets older due to the cognitive impairments.

Grumski v. Jones, Palmeiri & Saldutte Inc.

See Verdict Search here for full report on this case.


Vehicle and Automobile Accidents

    11/26/2008
    James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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    Two injured in two-car accident in Sayre

    From the Daily Review:

    SAYRE — A two-car accident in Sayre injured two and blocked traffic on Spring Street in front of Alliger’s House of Wings for around 20 minutes on Tuesday.

    The accident occurred around 3:55 p.m. when Andrea Dauberman stopped on Spring Street to turn left and was struck from behind by a vehicle driven by Allen Wise, said Sergeant Steven Burlingame of the Sayre Police Department.

    Both Dauberman and Wise were the only occupants of the vehicles at the time, police said.

    Wise was treated for injuries on the scene and released, police said.


    Dauberman was taken to Robert Packer Hospital where the extent of her injuries were unknown as of Tuesday afternoon.

    Sayre Police, Greater Valley EMS, and the Sayre Fire Department responded to the scene, police said.


11/23/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Pedestrian in Wyalusing struck by vehicle


Pedestrian knock-down cases are often the most difficult motor vehicle personal injury cases to handle, particularly when the pedestrian is a child.  One of the major issues in these types of cases is who was at fault, the driver for driving too fast and not paying attention or the pedestrian who was did not "look both ways" before they crossed the street.  In many instances, it is a combination of both.

Take, for example, the following story from the
The Towanda Daily Review newspaper:

Brook Reese, 22, of Wyalusing was listed in fair condition at a local hospital Wednesday night after being struck by a vehicle on Monday.  Raymond White, 47, of Towanda was driving west on U.S. Route 6 in Wyalusing when, according to witnesses, Reese ran out in the path of White’s vehicle, police said.  White’s 2004 Chevrolet 3500 truck struck Reese, state police said. 
Reese was taken by ambulance to Robert Packer Hospital, where he was listed in fair condition Wednesday night, authorities said.  The accident occurred at 5:09 p.m. Monday at the intersection of Route 6 and John Street, according to the state police from Towanda.

As indicated in the article, the pedestrian ran out in the path of the vehicle.  But, it was dark at that time of day and the question that i had was how fast was the driver travelling.  On that section of Route 6, many cars travel way too fast.  But, these are the types of facts and issues that an experienced trial lawyer and investigate.  The best thing to do is to contact an experienced personal injury lawyer to have him/her review the case details.


11/23/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Woman serious after Wysox accident

A crash occurred Friday in Wysox when Hazel Chilson, 59, of Athens was on Route 6, slowing down in the left turning lane to turn into the Bradford Towne Centre as Frances Potter, 82, of LeRaysville, was exiting the Bradford Towne Centre to turn right onto Route 6, according to state police.

Potter allegedly drove into the oncoming turning lane and hit Chilson’s vehicle around the front driver’s side, police stated. Chilson suffered minor injury. Potter was listed in serious condition Saturday night at Robert Packer Hospital, Sayre.

Despite this being just a 3 way interseciton, it is quite busy and can be confusing to some drivers.
11/11/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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SUV's Not Safer for Kids

Researchers writing in the current issue of  Pediatrics--(click for link to this research) say they have found little difference in injuries looking at crashes involving passenger cars and S.U.V.'s. The lead author of the study was Dr. Lauren Daly of the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children in Wilmington, Del.

Many parents believe that S.U.V.'s are safer and buy them to protect their children.

This belief, however, was not the case when the researchers looked at data from crashes in which almost 4,000 children were traveling in either S.U.V.'s or cars.

 

Rollovers occurred twice as often in S.U.V.'s, the study found, and children were three times as likely to be injured in rollovers than in other kinds of accidents. Use of proper restraining devices is important in all cars and especially important in S.U.V.'s because of the greater incidence of rollovers.

The study does suggest that pediatricians should advise S.U.V.-owning parents to make sure their children are properly restrained.

With S.U.V.'s, the new study reports, whatever benefits come with the added weight are erased by the higher risk of rolling over.
10/21/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Court Denies Unopposed Motion to Dismiss in Lawsuit Arising out of Uninsured Motorist Claim

The Federal Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania denied an unopposed Motion to Dismiss on October 16, 2008 in Derocher v. Zurich American Insurance Company.  This case arises out of a breach of contract and bad faith lawsuit filed after the Plaintiff Derocher was awarded $600,000 in an uninsured motorist proceeding. 

The Plaintiff was driving her employers vehicle when the car accident occurred and the other driver was ultimately uninsured.  Her employer's vehicle had $1 million of uninsured motorist coverage (UM).  The plaintiff made a demand for settlement of $375,000 and a counter-offer by the insurance company was made of $150,000.  The award by the arbitrators was $600,000 and the Plaintiff filed suit against the insurance company after it refused to pay the award when the Plaintiff would not sign a full release.

The insurance company filed a Motion to Dismiss which was actually unopposed and the Court decision still denies the Motion to Dismiss.  The Court finds that the allegations in the complaint are sufficient to state "a plausible claim and presents a reasonable expectation that discovery will reveal evidence of an insurance contract between the Plaintiff and Defendant" on both the breach of contract and bad faith claims.  Thus, even though the Plaintiffs may not prevail on the ultimate claim their is a proper basis to proceed and the Motions to Dismiss are denied.

See the following links on more information about uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage
here and here and here and here

Thanks to
Attorney Scott Cooper for this information.

10/14/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Sayre Borough: Improving pedestrian safety

From The Morning Times:

A couple more incidents involving pedestrians being hit by motorists in the area around the Guthrie campus is resulting in forthcoming changes to some speed limits in that portion of the borough as well as the elimination of some parking spaces.
At Monday’s meeting of the borough’s administration committee, the committee agreed to recommend that the municipality amend its traffic ordinance to reflect these changes.

Specifically these changes focus on lowering the speed limit on South Wilbur Avenue from Hospital Place to Hayden Street and Hayden Street from South Wilbur Avenue to 100 feet west of Brock Street from 25 miles per hour to 15 miles per hour.  In addition, the borough would also eliminate the parking spaces on the west end of Howard Elmer Park on South Wilbur Avenue from West Packer Avenue to Park Place.

Council President Henry Farley noted that another Guthrie employee got struck by a motorist while crossing Wilbur Avenue, and a child riding a bicycle was struck by a motorist on Hayden Street.  “They (Guthrie officials) are asking to ‘please, slow the traffic down,’” said Farley. “Guthrie has the flashing lights (on Wilbur Avenue). They just need a speed limit sign to go with them.”  “The way it works with our speed control is the speed limit is 25, but the officer has to give the vehicle until they get to 35 before he can write the ticket,” said Borough Manager David Jarrett.

The committee will recommend that the council implement these speed limit reductions on a 90-day trial basis at the board’s Thursday meeting.  “It is critical,” said Farley. “It is not safe there, and we need to do as much as we can to calm the traffic down.”  The other proposed amendment to the traffic ordinance is aimed at improving student safety on West Lockhart Street in front of Sayre High School.

That amendment would eliminate the north side of West Lockhart Street from North Hopkins Street to South Brock Street from the residential parking permit area.  That area was originally zoned as “no parking during school hours” before it was included within the residential parking permit initiative.  “Concerns were raised earlier in the school year where you had people dropping (students) going east and you had people dropping off going west, and you’ve got kids running in between cars,” said Jarrett. “I met with the school superintendent and high school principal, and we talked over a couple of ideas.”

One of the ideas was to eliminate that portion of West Lockhart Street from the residential permit parking area, said Jarrett.  The other ideas were having an administrator from the high school out in front of the school and working to “keep things moving,” and having the police department increase its presence in that area, he explained.

The borough has already increased its police presence in that area as there is a police patrol dedicated to that school zone every morning, he said.  With two of these criteria having been met, borough officials will be pursuing the additional option of having a school administrator out in front of the school during those morning hours, Jarrett added.

Other amendments being proposed to the borough’s traffic ordinance include:

• setting 10-miles-per-hour speed limits for the entire lengths of Chacona Lane, LaBarr Lane, Oliver Lane and Repasky Lane.
• “no right turn on red signal” for motorists turning east from Lincoln Street into the northbound lane of Keystone Avenue and motorists turning west from Lincoln Street into the southbound lane of Keystone Avenue.

The committee will recommend that the council vote to advertise these proposed amendments to the traffic ordinance at its meeting this Thursday night. That session will be held at 6 p.m. at the borough on West Packer Avenue.
The council will then vote on whether to formally adopt these ordinance amendments at its Nov. 20 session.

Carroll & Carroll, P.C. handles pedestrian accidents.  You can find more information on these types of accidents here and here.


10/13/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Superior Court Holds Cab Driver Not Entitled To Underinsured Motorist Coverage

Attached is the link to the Pennsylvania Superior Court decision on October 10, 2008 in Nationwide Assurance Company v. Easley where the Superior Court affirms the trial court decision in Allegheny County which upheld 2 exclusions as they applied to preclude a cab driver from obtaining underinsured motorist coverage (UIM) on his personal policy for an accident which occured while he was driving a cab.

Calvin Easley
(Easley) was injured while operating a Yellow Cab Taxi in Pittsubrgh.  He paid a lease fee for use of the taxi during a 24 hour period and had no choice over the taxi he received. He did not have a paying customer in the cab when he was injured by a third party in a car accident. He was driving home and was intending to return the cab the next day.

After settling the third party claim and then, since the taxi company did not provide UIM coverage, he made a claim on his personal policy for UIM coverage but was denied based upon 2 exclusions which denied him coverage for accidents occuring in a vehicle avaliable for his "regular use" and also for vehicles "used to carry persons or property for a charge".

The Superior Court decision by Judge Popovich finds that the fact Easley did not have a passenger with him at the time the accident occured does not render the "use for hire" exclusion invalid nor did the fact that he operated different taxis render the "regular used" vehicle exclusion invalid. The Superior Court affirms the trial court decision and upholds both exclusions.

Thanks to Scott Cooper, Esquire for providing this information.


9/12/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Defendants agree to pay $2.9M for driver struck in intersection


Pennsylvania - Motor Vehicle Collision

A van driver who sustained multiple fractures in an intersection crash with a Mack truck received $2.9 million in court-appointed mediation. Joel Aponte, then 22, was struck by Francis Hacker who ran a red light. Aponte fractured his pelvis, femurs and C6 vertebra. He also suffered significant internal injuries that required stomach and bowel reconstruction. The settlement consisted of $1.9 million of Hacker's $2 million insurance policy and the $1 million limits of an underinsured motorist policy applicable to the van Aponte was driving.
 
To purchase the full report on this case, go to
VerdictSearch.com.


9/12/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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District Court Holds that "Listed driver" Is Entitled to UIM Coverage

On September 10, 2008, in Horace Mann Insurance Company v. Alben, the District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania (Schwab, J.) held that the "reasonable expectations of the insured" estops an insurance company from denying underinsured motorist (UIM) benefits to a person who is a "listed driver" on another person's (girlfriends) policy.

Robert Alben (Alben) was injured in an accident which occurred in Ohio.  He was driving his employer's vehicle and then sought UIM coverage on his girlfriend's personal policy with Horace Mann because he was a "listed driver".

The Court initially holds that under the terms of the policy the "listed driver" is not automatically considered an "insured" or "covered person" to allow UIM coverage.  However, then the court addresses the reasonable expectations of the insured and the recent statement of the Third Circuit standard in West v. Lincoln Ben. Life. Ins., 509 F.3d 160 (3d. cir. 2007) which offered a "synthesized standard [as] the truest statement of of Pennsylvania law" regarding the doctrine of reasonable expectations.

Applying the standard the Court notes that the insurer must demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that the insured did not have a reasonable expectation of coverage.  Based upon this standard and the facts of the case, particularly the fact that everyone involved testified that they all thought that by adding Alben to the policy as a listed driver he would be fully covered, the Court finds that the "listed driver" who was injured in his employers vehicle at the time of the accident is entitled to UIM coverage on his girlfriend's personal policy.

Thanks to Scott Cooper, Esquire for this information.

9/9/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Sayre Borough: Mayor urges caution for motorists, pedestrians

Words of wisdom from Sayre, Pennsylvania Mayor Denny Thomas.

A serious car-versus-pedestrian accident that occurred on South Wilbur Avenue near the Guthrie campus last Thursday has resulted in Borough Mayor Denny Thomas urging motorists and pedestrians to use more caution when traveling down or crossing the street.

The individual who was struck last week, Kathleen Burnett of Waverly, is currently listed in critical condition in the intensive care unit at Robert Packer Hospital.  Borough Police Chief Kevin Guinane labeled the incident as an “accident” during Monday’s meeting of the municipality’s police committee. No additional information regarding last week’s accident has been released by the Sayre Borough Police Department.

There are approximately 10,000 vehicles that travel through the Borough of Sayre every day, said Thomas.  While Wilbur Avenue near the Guthrie campus has been a safety issue in the past, Guthrie officials have installed flashing yellow lights in an effort to help make that stretch of roadway safer, said Thomas.

In addition, the borough purchased “pedestrian crossing” signs that are placed in the crosswalks in the area in an effort to increase safety in that area, he noted.
Both motorists and pedestrians still need to exercise caution when traveling down or crossing any street, said Thomas.

“I’ve seen people drive their cars (while) on their cell phones,” he said. “Then you also see people coming across the ... crosswalks with headsets on, listening to music or whatever. People have to be more vigilant all the way around.”

The road in front of the old Robert Packer Hospital is dangerous.  There is so much traffic coming from/to the Guthrie campus, as well as pedestrians coming/going from the hospital to their parked cars and to downtown Sayre, that it creates a situation where walkers are likely to get hit.  Even though the article stated that no one was at fault, all it takes is a driver being inattentive for a split second to cause an accident like this.

To see the full article from The Morning Times, click here.


9/8/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Driver awarded for neck injuries in low speed rear-end accident

A jury awarded $1.05 million to a woman who sustained cervical herniations in a three-car rear-ender. Carol Hewett sustained three disc bulges, two of which herniated, in the low-speed crash.

Her biomechanics expert testified that the rigid chassis of Hewett's pickup truck caused all of the force of the collisions to transfer into Hewett's cab. Although the speed of the vehicle that caused the initial crash was low, the change in velocity that Hewett's neck experienced was significant.

Hewett, who's an attorney, was awarded $113,000 for her past and future lost earnings.

Although this is a Florida case, I've blogged about it to demonstrate that minor or low speed impact cases can be successful if you have the right set of facts, a good trial lawyer and good experts.  Also, this case demonstrates that people can actually be seriously injured in low speed car accidents.

To see the full report of this case, go to VerdictSearch.com at Hewett v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.

9/3/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Superior Court upholds case of girl's fire hose death

From PennLive.com:

A Pennsylvania appeals court upheld a $4.5 million jury verdict Tuesday against a truck manufacturer over an accident near Pittsburgh four years ago in which a six-pound fire hose nozzle became a fatal projectile.

The lawsuit was filed by two families over an August 2004 incident in Coraopolis in which a hose dangling from a moving fire truck became stuck under a parked car, then whipped around and struck two 10-year-old girls standing on a nearby lawn.

Erin Schmidt died of head injuries and her close friend and classmate, Joeylynne Jeffress, suffered extensive injuries but survived.

Erin Schmidt died of head injuries and her close friend and classmate, Joeylynne Jeffress, suffered extensive injuries but survived.

The plaintiffs also include three witnesses to the accident: Erin's mother, Joyce A. Schmidt; Erin's 13-year-old sister, Lindsay; and Joeylynne's 14-year-old sister, Lauren.

A divided three-judge Superior Court panel said state law allows bystanders who witness injury to a close relative to collect damages for emotional distress under certain circumstances.

"The courts have generally concluded that the definition of 'physical harm' encompasses injury that solely manifests itself in the form of emotional shock and disturbance," wrote Judge Cheryl Lynn Allen for the majority.

The court also ruled that Sinor Manufacturing Inc. of Clinton, Okla., which purchased at least parts of the company that manufactured the fire truck, inherited liability for the accident. Sinor is now known as Freightliner Specialty Vehicles Inc.


8/28/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Court Holds No Underinsured Motorist Coverage Under Antique/Classic Car Policy Unless Actually Occupying It

On August 26, 2008, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (Sanchez, J.) granted Foremost Insurance Group's Motion for Summary Judgment in Benner v. Foremost Insurance Group.  This case involved the tragic death of a girl, Benner, who was killed while occupying her friend's vehicle.  An underinsured motorist claim ("UIM") was pursued on a family member's Antique and Classic Auto insurance Policy and the insurance company denied the claim because it said that under the terms of the policy Benner had to be "actually occupying" the antique/classic vehicle at the time of the accident to qualify for UIM coverage. 

Benner's Estate argued that under Quinney v. American Modern Home Insurance Company, 145 F.Supp.2d 603 (M.D. Pa. 2001) she was entitled to coverage as a family member/insured and did not need to be occupying the vehicle to qualify for coverage.  However, the District Court observes that the policy language in Quinney is not the same as the language in Benner's policy.  In Quinney the policy language stated that the coverage was provided to an insured/family member without the actual occupying requirement but in the Benner policy the family member/insured had to be occupying.  Thus, since she was not occupying the antique/classic vehicle at the time of the accident, the Estate could not recover. 
 
Thanks to Scott B. Cooper, Esquire who provided this information.

8/11/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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PennDOT construction workers authorized to write police arrest reports

This should be interesting....

To combat these unsafe drivers, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation highway crews are writing more and more police arrest reports targeting dangerous driving through construction zones.

The road crews only have the ability to make the initial report. The reports are then sent to the proper policing agency for further investigation. If the police find the driver was in violation of the law, then a citation is issued.

“Someone who drives in and puts another’s life in jeopardy, we follow that up,” Mike Cotter, press safety officer for District 4-0, said Wednesday as a PennDOT crew prepared for pothole work on Middle Road.
“Workers are so vulnerable, because they are so close to vehicles. Any kind of erratic driving puts them at risk,” Cotter added.

Since 1970, 10 workers in District 4-0 have been killed at construction sites as a result of drivers. The district encompasses Luzerne, Lackawanna, Wyoming, Wayne, Susquehanna and Pike counties.

7/31/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Court Holds Police Officer Injured Outside His Cruiser Is A Protected Person

On July 28, 2008, Judge Joyner in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania Granted the Insured's Motion for Summary Judgment in St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Co. v. Rhein.  Judge Joyner holds that Rhein was occupying his police vehicle at the time he was injured while conducting a routine traffic stop. 

In Rhein, the officer was injured in the course and scope of his employment.  He pulled over a speeding vehicle, stopped behind the car with his emergency lights on and exited his cruiser to conduct the stop.  At some point during the exchange of information the other driver's car began to roll backward and Rhein's hand became wedged inside the car door causing his injuries.  He settled the third party case with the other drivers insurance company and then sought underinsured motorist coverage form the Township insurer which denied coverage arguing that Rhein was not a "protected person" under the policy because he was not "occupying" the cruiser at the time of the accident.  

Applying the four (4) part "occupancy" test from the Pennsylvania Supreme Court decision in Utica Mutual Insurance Co. v. Contrisciane, 473 A.3d 1005 (Pa. 1984) the Court holds that Rhein was "occupying" the cruiser at the time of the accident.  One of the main issue to the four part test was whether Rhein was "vehicle oriented".  The court relies upon Property and Casualty Insurance Co. of Hartford v. Caperilla, 2004 WL 1551739 (E.D. Pa. July 9, 2004) where another officer was injure din a similar manner.    Thus, he is a covered and protected person and entitled to the underinsured motorist coverage.

Thanks to Attorney Scott Cooper for this information.


7/25/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Unhealthy neglect of CDL standards in Pennsylvania

This is an editorial in the Towanda Daily Review on an item that we already wrote about in our library section.  You can see our article here on unfit and unhealthy truck and bus drivers.

From the Editorial....

In 2006, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation, 5,300 people died and another 126,000 were injured in accidents involving large commercial vehicles. In 12 percent of those crashes, the professional driver was found to have a physical impairment that contributed to the accident, from heart disease to sleep apnea.


7/16/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Insured Not Allowed UM/UIM Benefits for Accidents Caused By Co-employee

On July 15, 2008 the District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania (Lancaster, J.) held in Shaw v. State Farm Insurance Company that an insured is not allowed to recover UM/UIM benefits under his insurance policy with State Farm for injuries sustained during the course and scope of his employment due to the negligence of a co-worker.  Shaw was injured in a work related accident when the garbage truck he was riding in was negligently driven by a co-worker.  He sought and received workers compensation benefits and did not sue his employer or co-worker due to immunity under the Workers Compensation Act.  He then sought UM/UIM benefits from State Farm which denied the claim by arguing that the benefits were not "legally entitled" and thus Shaw could not recover. 
The Court relies mainly upon a not precedential Third Circuit case in Nationwide Mut Ins Co v. Chiao, 186 Fed.Appx. 181 (3d Cir. 2006) and grants State Farm's Motion for Summary Judgment.  However, there is no mention or reference to the state trial court decision from Adams County in Brumbaugh v. Erie Insurance Exchange in 2006 where Judge Walker in Franklin County held that an insured was entitled to UM/UIM coverage in the same factual situation.

5/23/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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New Case Law on stacking of uninsurance and underinsurance by Pennsylvania employees

On May 14, 2008 the trial court in Lackawanna County granted the Motion for Summary Judgment of Donegal Mutual Insurance Company in Reeser v. Donegal.  In Reeser the insureds injured were employees of the employer who insured the vehicle.  There was a 4 car policy that had only 35K UM and UIM coverage and no stacking.  However, the company could not produce the forms requesting lower limits or rejecting stacking so the court held as a matter of law that there was 500K in UM and UIM coverage with stacking. 

However, the trial court also held that since there was no policy language entitling a class two insured to stack underinsured motorist coverage, that only a class one insured could stack.  In this case, only the individual employer and those family members who resided with the employer could stack as class one insureds but the employees who were injured as occupants of the insured vehicles could not.  The insureds attempted to argue that since Section 1738 does not distinguish between classes that there was no longer a distinction between class one and class two insureds.  The trial court relies upon Section 1702 of the MVFRL and the line of cases from the 1980s starting with Utica Mutual to hold that there is still a class one and class two distinction, absent a policy provision.

This is a very technical case invovling very specific facts and insurance policy language, or lack thereof.  However, it is ultimate proof that an attorney must look at every angle in determining the amounts of insurance coverage, etc.  Leave no stone unturned.


5/8/2008
James R. Carroll, Jr., Esquire
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Teen recovers after she's struck by car while crossing road

A teen recovered $390,991 after she was struck by a car while crossing the road one winter evening. Zoe Malinoski was 13 years old when she was crossing the road and was struck by Sarah Fairbanks. Zoe sustained a fractured pelvis, a fractured hip, a fractured tooth, multiple skull fractures and bleeding on her brain. She spent two weeks in intensive care. She was left with cognitive defects and she continues to display memory problems in school. Defense counsel argued that Zoe darted out in front of the car, leaving Fairbanks no time to react. Zoe was also wearing dark clothing that winter evening. Zoe was found 25 percent liable, which reduced her $521,322 award. Of her award, $400,000 was for future pain and suffering.

The case was Malinoski v. Fairbanks.

Contact Verdict Search here for a full report on the case.